![]() The first affirmative-action measure in America was an executive order signed by President Kennedy in 1961 requiring that federal contractors “take affirmative action to ensure that applicants are employed, and employees are treated during employment, without regard to their race, creed, color, or national origin.” In 1967, President Johnson amended this, and a subsequent measure included sex, recognizing that women also faced many discriminatory barriers and hurdles to equal opportunity. ![]() Originally, women weren’t even included in legislation attempting to level the playing field in education and employment. Ironically, Fisher is exactly the kind of person affirmative action helps the most in America today. But study after study shows that affirmative action helps white women as much or even more than it helps men and women of color. The original lawsuit was filed on behalf of Abigail Fisher, a woman who claims that she was denied admission to the University of Texas because she is white. Supreme Court is expected to rule in a potentially landmark case on the constitutionality of affirmative action. ![]()
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